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South Bend 10-inch "Junior" Lathe
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Photographs of very early (1910) 10-inch

The rare "Junior version of the South Bend Heavy 10 with changewheels for screwcutting and a plain, non-power feed apron. 

New for the 1937 season was the "Pedestal" drive unit - a substantial cast iron affair which was hinged to a floor plate.
Not only were twin turnbuckles used to ensure that the countershaft could be given the right "set" (so that the flat belt ran in the middle of the pulleys) but the over-centre arrangement, by which the belt was tensioned into its working position, also carried heavily-built twin cams which pushed evenly against each side of the upright.
This unit would have made an ideal drive system for a lathe removed from a line-shaft workshop and set up as an independent machine.
Another view of this countershaft can be seen HERE.