E-MAIL   Tony@lathes.co.uk
lathes.co.uk home page   Machine Tool Archive   Machine Tools For Sale & Wanted   
Machine Tool Manuals   Machine Tool Catalogues   Belts

Arthur Firth, Tom Senior, "Atlas" and JSB Lathes
If any reader has an immaculate Senior machine tool, the writer would be delighted to feature it in the Archive
Senior Home Page   Senior Lathes   Senior Shapers & Planers 
E Type   Junior Horizontal/Vertical   Light Vertical   VS   Major ELT   Older Millers

Of distinctly old-fashioned appearance, even for the early 1930s, the 3.5" centre height and 15.5" and 24" between centres lathes by Arthur Firth of the "Atlas" works in Cleckheaton, Yorkshire, were born into a competitive and hard-up world and, is it suspected, very few were manufactured. Described as the "Yankee" in some catalogues the most common machine had a  9/16"-bore, No. 1 Morse taper headstock spindle that ran in plain the bronze bearing. Whilst the backgeared headstock appears to have been heavily built, the flat-topped, V-edged bed, with its strangely-positioned feet, was noticeably shallow in depth. Unusually for a lathe of this size the tumble reverse was contained on the inside of the casting, where it was better supported and protected. A large set of 16 DP changewheels was provided as standard: 20t, 25t, 30t, 35t, 40t x 2, 45t, 50t, 55t, 60t, 65t, 70t, 75t, 80t, 85t, 90t, 95t, 100t, 105t, 110t, 105t and 120t. They drove to a 3/4" diameter leadscrew of determinedly Victorian specification with pitch of 4 t.p.i. and a square section thread.
Useful T-slots ran across the full width of the saddle both to the front and rear of the cross slide but the carriage traverse handwheel, which drove through reduction gearing on to the bed-mounted rack, was the of balanced type, fitted awkwardly on the end of a long (and old-fashioned looking) stem. Whilst the swivelling top slide was graduated with degree marks neither of the compound-slide feed screws carried a micrometer dial.
With a square-thread spindle that ran clear though the handwheel, and locked with a proper compression fitting, the tailstock was more up to date and of a design seen on lathes made into the 1970s.
Like many makers, Firth offered their lathe both for bench and stand mounting, in the latter case with a 35" x 8" cast-iron tray (complete with either wall or ceiling-mounted countershafts) or equipped with a self-contained treadle drive that turned a 72 lb flywheel with steps of 19
1/2", 183/4" and 18" for round "gut" rope that drove headstock pulleys of 215/16", 311/16" and 47/16". Amusingly, because the feet were cast as one with the bed, the bench lathe was simply bolted to a low cast-iron stand when ordered with treadle drive. A long-bed version of the lathe with increased centre height fared little better in the appearance stakes:  with its bed feet left in the same position as the smaller model the bed at the headstock end was cantilevered out to a ridiculous extent.
If you have a Senior lathe, the writer would be very interested to hear from you.

Arthur Firth 3.5 x 15.5" lathe of the 1930s as marketed by Tom Senior. An instant identification point is the enormous boss on the leadscrew clasp-nut operating handle.

A long-bed version of the Firth lathe with increased centre height. Note the enormous overhang of the bed from its headstock-end foot.

One of few survivors - an Arthur Firth 3.5 x 15.5" lathe of the 1930s still on its maker's treadle stand


E-MAIL   Tony@lathes.co.uk
lathes.co.uk home page   Machine Tool Archive   Machine Tools For Sale & Wanted   
Machine Tool Manuals   Machine Tool Catalogues   Belts

Arthur Firth, Tom Senior, "Atlas" and JSB Lathes
If any reader has an immaculate Senior machine tool, the writer would be delighted to feature it in the Archive
Senior Home Page   Senior Lathes   Senior Shapers & Planers 
E Type   Junior Horizontal/Vertical   Light Vertical   VS   Major ELT   Older Millers