Home   Machine Tool Archive    Machine Tools For Sale & Wanted
E-MAIL   Tony@lathes.co.uk   

Britannia Lathes 8 &13
Lathes Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6   Lathes Nos. 8 & 13   Lathes 14, 15 & 16
Lathes Nos. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25 & 29   Shapers & Planers   Millers
Britannia Home   Ornamental Turning Attachments   Lathe No. 3 Photographs 
Early 1930s Model

Recognisable by its distinctive tailstock, possibly unique to the model, the No. 8 Britannia lathe was numbered out of Model sequence - being designed to fit between the No. 3 and No. 4 machines. The centre height was 3.5 inches and the capacity between centres 16.5". It was intended only for light, amateur use, but even so the 5/8" Whitworth threaded headstock spindle was hardened, as were the bearings it ran in. The lathe was supplied complete on a cast-iron stand with a rear-mounted wooden tool tray and was delivered ready to run with steel headstock and tailstock centres, a hand rest with 2 Tees, a wrought-iron crankshaft and treadle (that was supported on hard-steel centres instead of running in bearings),  a turned-finish flywheel, driver and drill chucks - and a leather driving cord. The weight was 180 lbs and the cost, at the turn of the century, £6 : 10s or, with a 3-foot bed, £7. A screw-feed compound slide rest was an extra £3 - an astonishing sum in comparison with the lathe's basic price.
Another engraving of the No. 8 lathe, from a different supplier's catalogue, can be seen here.

No. 8 Britannia Lathe

The No. 13 Britannia (illustrated above and below) was the smallest of the company's products to combine, in the terminology of the day, the features of  "sliding, screwcutting and gap-bed". The centre height was 3 inches and the capacity between centres either 19 inches with the standard 3 ft bed, or 25 inches with the optional (1 Guinea extra) 3 ft 6 in version. A gap in the 3.5-inches wide and 2.25-inches deep bed was also on the options' list, adding another guinea (£1 : 1s) for a facility that allowed a disc of metal 10.5 inches in diameter and 2.875 inches thick to be swung within it.
The backgeared headstock carried a pulley with three grooves cut to take an ordinary "gut" or cord driving band that passed down to a 20-inch diameter flywheel with 4 grooves - so allowing a little juggling with belt lengths and alignments to produce a total of five spindle speeds.
The compound slide rest had ungraduated feed screws, but at least the top slide was marked 50 degrees either side of centre. The drive to the 7/8" diameter, 1/4-inch pitch leadscrew was through a tumble-reverse mechanism - with full set of 22 changewheels from which to built the necessary thread-cutting train. The clasp nuts were of the proper double-closure type, in gun metal , whilst the carriage was fitted with a usual-for-the-time fast-action-return by rack and pinion; there was no provision for moving the carriage steadily under hand control.
One interesting option was the 5-guinea "overhead motion", built on cast-iron uprights at the rear of the stand. An "overhead" was (and remains) a very popular fitting amongst highly-skilled turners; it allows the lathe to be converted into a miniature, precision grinding, drilling and gear-cutting machine by providing a drive to high-speed heads clamped in the position normally occupied by the toolpost; in ornamental turning the use of an overhead is essential if more advanced work is to be done. The drive to the overhead was from the flywheel, the belt passing through holes in the stand in front of and behind the headstock; a pivoting arm, tipped with a jockey pulley at one end and a weight at the other, performed the essential task of keeping the drive belt tight whilst driving the cutter, or grindstone, at high speed. The lathe was very-well presented, and sold complete on a treadle stand with a polished-wooden top and tool drawer; the weight was an appreciable 252 lbs and it cost, in basic short-bed form, 15 guineas - a guinea being a 'one pound and one shilling'.

Britannia No. 13 lathe on the maker's treadle stand with "Overhead".

Home    Machine Tool Archive     Machine Tools For Sale & Wanted
E-MAIL   Tony@lathes.co.uk   

Britannia Lathes 8 &13
Lathes Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6   Lathes Nos. 8 & 13   Lathes 14, 15 & 16
Lathes Nos. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25 & 29   Shapers & Planers   Millers
Britannia Home   Ornamental Turning Attachments   Lathe No. 3 Photographs
Early 1930s Model